Bioenergy and Trade

This study considers the current situation of solid and liquid biomass fuels in Finland. The fact that industry consumes more than half of the total primary energy, widely applied combined heat and power production and a high...

Worldwide, few countries as Brazil have an energy matrix with such an important share of renewable energy sources: in 2007, almost 46% of its primary energy supply was covered by renewables, being the share of biomass sources...

The supply of sustainable energy is one of the main challenges that mankind will face over the coming decades, particularly because of the need to address climate change.Biomass can make a substantial contribution to supplying...

Finland has long-standing traditions in the utilisation of biomass in energy production, and bioenergy plays an important role in the Finnish energy system. The country is one of the world’s largest importers of raw wood;...

This report is a part of the work of IEA Bioenergy Task 40 working group-“Sustainable International Bioenergy Trade: Securing Supply and Demand” and gives a picture of the situation regarding bioenergy in Norway for the year...

Climate change legislation is currently being discussed in the Congress of the United States of America (USA). The extent to which agriculture will be included in the provisions is still under debate. Farm groups, concerned about...

This report assesses under what circumstances a biofuels-certification programme might be WTOcompatible.Part I describes biofuels policies. They provide a starting point for any analysis of the trade legitimacy of a biofuels...

The drivers that have propelled investment in the sustainable energy sector so dramatically for the past five years are still at work – climate change, energy insecurity, fossil fuel depletion, new technologies etc. There is also...

In recent months, many developments have led to questions about US energy policies, in particular those concerning biofuels. Globally, some commodity price reductions appear to be likely, but global food prices remain high,...

This paper provides a description of the EU’s biofuel policies, set in the context of its overall policy framework on renewable and bioenergy, and their interface with the WTO legal system.